THE ROLE OF UROGENITAL MYCOPLASMAS AND UREAPLASMAS IN THE PATHOLOGY OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM AND PREGNANCY OUTCOMES: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Urogenital mycoplasmas (Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium) and ureaplasmas (Ureaplasma urealyticum, Ureaplasma parvum) are widespread among women and men of reproductive age, often causing infertility and pregnancy complications. The review examines data on the frequency of detection of these microorganisms in infertility in both sexes, their role in the development of inflammatory processes, the impact on sperm quality, as well as on the course of pregnancy (premature birth, vertical transmission, postpartum complications). Special attention is paid to modern diagnostic methods, the importance of quantitative PCR tests and the growing problem of antibiotic resistance. Approaches to prevention and prospects for further research are presented.

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